Mastering the Harmonic Language of Jazz Chords: The II-V-I Progression – Part 1: Shell Voicings

As a jazz pianist, the first step to mastering the harmonic language of jazz piano chords is becoming proficient in using shell voicings in chord progressions. Over my years of teaching jazz piano theory and improvisation, both at the New School and privately, I have developed an approach to organizing the knowledge of chord voicings, which I call: The four-way interconnected system of voicing, with shell voicing being the first way.

This blog will guide you through playing the widely used II-V-I progression using this essential chord voicing, supported by written examples, a video tutorial in all 12 major and minor keys, and effective learning tips.

Understanding Shell Voicing

The shell voicing is the first layer and starting point of a four-way interconnected system of jazz piano chord voicings. We often refer to it in lessons as ‘The First Way.’ These voicings became widely used by renowned pianists like Oscar Peterson, Thelonious Monk, Red Garland, Bill Evans, and Keith Jarrett, to name a few. Today, they are a fundamental part of the harmonic vocabulary of every professional jazz pianist.

Beyond being the skeleton of the modern language of jazz chords and the simplest, most essential form of jazz voicings, shell voicings are powerful tools that allow for full expression across virtually all jazz piano styles, using minimal tools.

In shell voicing, you play just the root, third, and seventh of the chord. By focusing on these three notes, you create the harmonic foundation of the chord while keeping hand movements to a minimum. The beauty of shell voicing is that it’s not only easy to play but also adaptable to a wide range of musical contexts. Plus, it provides a solid base for more complex voicings, allowing you to return to the basic shell whenever you feel lost or want to simplify your playing.

In summary, the shell voicing is a condensed version of a seventh chord, containing three notes: the third and seventh, which define the chord’s quality, and the root, which serves as its foundation. This three-note structure facilitates smooth transitions between chords, enhancing voice leading in II-V-I progressions and similar harmonic movements.

The Importance of Shell Voicing

Shell voicing is not only foundational but also versatile. It can be applied in various musical contexts, providing a solid base for more complex voicings. When playing jazz standards and improvising, you can always return to the basic shell voicing whenever you seek clarity or wish to simplify your playing. It makes it an invaluable tool for both beginners and seasoned jazz musicians alike.

Practical Application: II-V-I Progression

To demonstrate how shell voicing functions within a II-V-I progression, we’ll explore the two variations of shell voicings, commonly called A and B forms. The example below illustrates how to apply both these forms in the key of C major.

Example:

To describe the example in words:

A Form:

• II chord: For the Dm7 chord, play D (root) in your left hand, and F (third) and C (seventh) in your right hand.
• V chord: For the G7 chord, play G (root) in your left hand, and F (seventh) and B (third) in your right hand.
• I chord: For the Cmaj7 chord, play C in your left hand, and E (third) and B (seventh) in your right hand.

B Form:

• II chord: For the Dm7 chord, play D (root) in your left hand, and C (seventh) and F (third) in your right hand.
• V chord: For the G7 chord, play G (root) in your left hand, and B (seventh) and F (third) in your right hand.
• I chord: For the Cmaj7 chord, play C in your left hand, and B (third) and E (seventh) in your right hand.

As shown in the examples above, it’s important to note that when moving between the chords, the seventh of each chord resolves into the third of the next chord. This voice-leading creates a smooth transition and improves the overall flow of the progression.

Essential Learning Resources

To help you practice the II V I progression using shell voicings, check out our YouTube video, II-V-I – Major to Minor with Jazz Piano Chords: Shell Voicings (1st Way) in All Keys! This video walks you through all twelve major and minor keys in both A and B forms, making it easy to grasp the concept, no matter your starting point.

But that’s just the beginning! We invite you to explore our website, where you can subscribe and browse invaluable resources. Discover lead sheets and tailored coaching videos focused on shell voicings for the II-V-I progression in each key, presented in both forms. These lead sheets will guide you as you navigate the circle of fifths, just as the video demonstrates. Use the numeric blueprint from the key of C example above as your roadmap to confidently explore all keys and elevate your playing. Plus, don’t miss out on other premium materials designed to help you achieve your jazz piano goals!

In Conclusion

By becoming proficient with shell voicing, you can establish a strong harmonic foundation and set the stage for more complex voicings in the future. Embrace this essential form of jazz chords, and you’ll find yourself navigating the rich landscape of jazz music with greater ease and confidence.